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The Afghan Social Democratic Party, more commonly known as Afghan Mellat ((パシュトー語:افغان ملت) - ''Afğān Mellat''; ''"Afghan Nation"''), is a Pashtun nationalist〔Amin Saikal, ''"Modern Afghanistan: A History Of Struggle And Survival"'', p. 166〕〔(Gilles Dorronsoro, ''"Afghanistan: Revolution Unending, 1979-2002"'', CERI series in comparative politics and international studies, C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 2005, p. 71. Google-Books )〕 political party in Afghanistan. Controversially, the party's leadership describes it as social democratic,〔(Socialist affairs and Women & politics,Socialist International and Socialist International Women ), 1990. «The Afghan Social Democratic Party, ASDP, celebrated its 25th anniversary in Peshawar, Pakistan, on 8 March 1991. The ASDP is the oldest social democratic party...» (pg. 27)〕 but it is not recognized as such by the Socialist International. The party's current leader is Stanagul Sherzad who became the new leader after the 6th party congress in 3 October 2012. ==History== Afghan Social Democratic Party was founded on March 8, 1966 by a group of influential bureaucrats associated with the ruling elites. However, it was officially declared on March 27 of that year.〔Emadi, Hafizullah. Politics of the Dispossessed Superpowers and Developments in the Middle East. New York: Praeger, 2001. p. 28.〕 Ghulam Mohammad Farhad, an Afghan intellectual served as the first President of the party. Afghan Mellat looks after the interests of the Pashtun ethnic group and has its support only from them.〔Zalmay Khalilzad, ''"The Security of Southwest Asia"'', University of Michigan, 2006, ISBN 0-566-00651-0〕 The party favors the ideas of ''Pashtunization'' of Afghanistan and a ''Greater Afghanistan'' (i.e. it claims the Pashtun-speaking parts of Pakistan for Afghanistan).〔 In the 1969 parliamentary elections, Farhad was elected to the parliament.〔(Ruttig, Thomas (November 2006) "Islamists, Leftists – and a Void in the Center. Afghanistan's Political Parties and where they come from (1902-2006)" ) Konrad Adenauer Foundation〕 After the Saur Revolution in 1978, the party was banned. Farhad was imprisoned, but released in 1980. In exile in Pakistan, the party operated under the auspices of the National Islamic Front of Afghanistan. In 1986-1987, dialogues took place between the government and the party and some leading party members were released from prison.〔 However, the party chose to stay outside of the governing coalition. The relations with the government split the party into three factions; with one faction led by Shams-ul-Huda Shams, one by Qudratullah Hadad and the other by Mohammad Amin Wakman. It is Wakman faction that is currently led by Afghanistan's Finance Minister,〔("Who is Who of Afghanistan" ) Institute for Afghan Studies (IAS)〕 Anwar-ul-Haq Ahady, the son-in-law of the NIFA leader Pir Gailani.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Afghan Social Democratic Party (Afghan Mellat)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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